Persistent challenges in education include teacher shortages, inadequate infrastructure, and significant disparities in educational quality between urban and rural areas. Many students struggle to acquire essential literacy and numeracy skills, which are critical for future learning and career opportunities. Moreover, youth and adolescents, particularly from impoverished and marginalized households, have limited access to life skills development and vocational training programs.

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Factors such as poverty, geographic isolation, and the tendency of parents to prioritize work over education contribute to high dropout rates and further restrict access to quality education. These issues collectively hinder progress in achieving equitable and inclusive education systems.​